1. Wikipedia “Intel 8253”（“All PC compatibles operate the PIT at a clock rate of 105/88 = 1.19318 MHz, 1/3 the NTSC color burst frequency which comes from dividing the system clock (14.31818 MHz) by 12… to make TV output possible, this oscillator had to run at a multiple of the NTSC color subcarrier frequency. This frequency, divided by 2^16 (the largest divisor the 8253 is capable of) produces the ≈18.2 Hz timer interrupt”）
2. 10.1109/jrproc.1953.274422（“Colorimetry in Color Television”, Proceedings of the IRE, 1953, 41:838-851）
3. NTSC 把色副载波取在水平扫描频率 15.734 kHz 一半的奇数倍（约 3.58 MHz），PAL 则用 4.43 MHz

一块墨绿色印刷电路板占满画面，正中焊着一枚方形黑色芯片，裸片四周亮着一圈琥珀色脉冲光环；光环顺着铜箔走线向外扩散，背景深处一块弧面 CRT 屏正把同样的脉冲吞进去，屏上浮起彩色条纹与彩色干涉纹。

1. Telharmonium（Thaddeus Cahill，1906）：“Each rheotome was actually a cog with a specific number of notched teeth. As the edge of the rheotome rotated against a wire brush… the teeth would contact the brush a certain number of times each second… This resulted in the electrical oscillation of a sonic frequency”；同一条：多个 rheotome 装在一根”音高轴”上，一根轴对应一个半音
2. Laurens Hammond 传记条目（Ridaxia 引 Britannica，1895-1973）：“In 1920… he worked privately on a variety of original devices, eventually inventing a soundless clock… He soon developed a synchronous motor that revolved in phase with the 60-cycle electric alternating current… It became the heart of both the Hammond clock and the Hammond organ. In 1928 he perfected his electric clock and founded the Hammond Clock Company; the company name was changed to the Hammond Instrument Company in 1937, later (1953) becoming the Hammond Organ Company”；同条：“By the end of 1934 he had designed and built an instrument with 91 small tonewheel generators (rotated by means of his synchronous motor)”）
3. Mechanical Music Digest “How the Hammond Electric Organ Works”（“Each shaft contains something like 36 ‘tone wheels’. These are steel disks with crenelated edges… generates a current in the pickup coil of a frequency determined by the rate at which the crenelations pass the pickup core. By using mechanical frequency generation locked to the power line frequency, Hammond organs never go out of tune”；“ended up being the principle product of the Hammond Clock Company”）
4. Wikipedia “Intel 8253”（模式 3 方波：输出高电平 ⌈n/2⌉ 计数、低电平 ⌊n/2⌋ 计数；Timer 2 接 PC 扬声器）

一台黄铜管风琴的内部剖面，三根轴上排着数十枚带齿钢盘，轮缘划过拾音线圈时溅出金色电弧；画面另一侧是一枚黑色芯片，方波脉冲从焊脚涌出，两股脉冲在中央交汇成一条起伏的彩带。

1. Wikipedia “Intel 8253”（“Latch the count for a given timer. The next read will, rather than returning the counter value at the moment of the read, return the counter value at the moment of the latch command.”；8254 另有可一次锁存多个通道的 read-back 命令）
2. Wikipedia “Aliasing”（以低于信号最高频率的速率采样会产生频率折叠）
3. 10.1109/jrproc.1949.232969（Shannon, “Communication in the Presence of Noise”, Proceedings of the IRE, 1949, 37:10-21）

一条水平的计数格带从右向左流动，每格是一个十六进制数的位置；一只铅笔尖停在某两格之间，格带被剪切成两段错开，右侧一段悬在半空微微倾斜，像一张被撕开的胶片。

1. IBM PS/2 Model 50 Hardware Maintenance Reference（“It is a Motorola MC146818A soldered to the planar at ZM47, timed by the 32.768 kHz crystal at Y3, and backed by a separate 6 V lithium battery”）/ RTC 晶振 ppm 换算（±20 ppm → 每天 ≤ 1.728 秒、每月 ≈ 52 秒、每年 ≈ 10.4 分钟；±10 ppm 减半）
2. OSDev 论坛 “System Time problem (clock goes fast, could I use CMOS?)”（“The BIOS uses a divisor of 65536, which means IRQ 0 fires at 18.20650227864583333 Hz”；“increasing the system clock by 1 second every 18 ticks. HOWEVER, there are about 18.2 ticks per second, so the clock gains time”）
3. beaglesoft PC 时钟章节（“the timer-counter is programmed by the BIOS to generate an interrupt every 54.936 milliseconds, or about 18.206 times per second”）
4. 微软知识库 “System Clock on Windows 95-Based Computer Loses Time”（“The MS-DOS system time is accurate to 1/18 of a second”）

一张铺开的浅色稿纸，上面是用铅笔画的两条刻度尺：左边的刻度稀疏而歪斜，标注着一串手写的分数；右边的刻度细密笔直，旁边躺着一只黄铜航海 chronometer 的微缩剪影，两把尺子的长度差在纸面中央被拉成一道明显的落差。

1. “Philology”（wsproject.online，区分作者阶段 T1>T2>T3 与抄写阶段 M1,M2,M3，“each version is replaced by the one following, and the earlier version ceases to exist as a separate entity”）
2. “Textual Criticism and Editorial Technique”（W. S. Barrett：“the scribe may notice errors in the exemplar before him and be able to correct them… so it is quite possible for his copy, the apograph, to be on balance more accurate than the exemplar”）
3. 10.1515/9780773573437-040（“Emendations in Copy-text”, 1986, 319-321）
4. “Digital Scholarly Editing: Theories, Models and Methods”（copy-text 理论由 Walter Greg 提出、Fredson Bowers 与 Thomas Tanselle 细化；McGann 以”社会文本”与之对立）

一张摊开的中世纪羊皮纸手稿静静躺在正中，边缘完好；从它的四边分别长出许多张几乎一样的羊皮纸副本，越远越分叉，每张的红色首字母、墨迹与折痕各不相同；画面一角有一张纸正被一道光刃刮去字迹，字迹化作细小尘埃飘散。

1. Sinai Palimpsests Project（圣凯瑟琳修道院 + Early Manuscripts Electronic Library + UCLA Library，Arcadia 资助五年）与 Sinai Palimpsests Research Site（sinai.library.ucla.edu）——多光谱成像不但读回了这部福音书的下层文字，还顺带发现了《阿波罗尼奥斯传奇》的最早见证（比其他已知抄本早数百年）/ Wikipedia “Sinaitic Palimpsest”（“a late-4th- or early-5th-century manuscript of 179 folios, containing a nearly complete translation of the four canonical Gospels… which have been overwritten by a vita (biography) of female saints and martyrs with a date corresponding to AD 697”；“The palimpsest was identified in the library at Saint Catherine’s Monastery in February 1892”）

一张半透明的羊皮页悬在深色背景上，页面上层是清晰而繁复的褐色圣徒传文字；另一层幽灵般的更早文字在下方隐约浮现，两层文字错位叠加；边缘透出蓝紫与深红的伪彩色光晕，像一张被两种光源分别照亮的旧纸。

1. Il metodo di Lachmann（LangLab）：“in ogni passaggio di copia accade che il copista committa almeno un errore”；错误分”separativi”（分离）与”congiuntivi”（连接），后者”dimostra la parentela di due testimoni, in quanto non è possibile che tale errore si sia prodotto identico in entrambi”
2. “Textual Criticism and Editorial Technique”（W. S. Barrett：“the precaution was sometimes taken of checking a newly-made copy not only against its immediate exemplar but against another manuscript”；“some of the scribe’s ‘corrections’ may themselves be mistaken, and this kind of corruption is often more insidious than inadvertent miscopying”）
3. 10.1163/9789004270961_008（“Digital Techniques for Critical Edition”, 2014, 175-195）
4. 10.4324/9780429061363-3（“Textual Collation”, 2019, 177-200）

一张摊开的家族谱系图，纸张的纹理与手稿羊皮纸相同；谱系的枝干由墨线连接，每条枝上悬着一个小小的红色方块标记，某个枝干分叉处两个红块并排贴在了一起，被一圈淡金色光晕圈住。

1. 10.1152/ajpregu.1999.277.4.r1098（Laska, Liesen & Teubner, “Enantioselectivity of odor perception in squirrel monkeys and humans”, Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol, 1999, 277:R1098-R1103）
2. Wikipedia “Carvone”（“R-(−)-carvone, the sweetish minty smell of spearmint leaves. Its mirror image, S-(+)-carvone, has a spicy aroma with notes of rye, and gives caraway seeds their smell”；“Not all enantiomers have distinguishable odors. Squirrel monkeys have also been found to be able to discriminate between carvone enantiomers”）

画面被一条垂直的光缝严格对称地分成两半：左半是冷调的薄荷绿气味丝带绕着一组多面体晶格旋转，右半是它的严格镜像，却是暖调的葛缕子褐金色丝带与翻转的晶格；光缝里悬浮着细小的尘埃粒子，两侧的气味互不触碰。

1. 10.7554/eLife.34958（Reddy Gautam, Zak Joseph D, Vergassola Massimo & Murthy Venkatesh N, “Antagonism in olfactory receptor neurons and its implications for the perception of odor mixtures”, eLife, 2018, 7:e34958）
2. 10.1016/j.cub.2021.01.094（Qiu Qiang, Wu Yunming, Ma Limei & Yu C. Ron, “Encoding innately recognized odors via a generalized population code”, Current Biology, 2021, 31:1813-1825.e4）
3. 调香业的 GC-MS 与头空间分析（“Identifies and quantifies every molecule in a fragrance… Essential for quality control and reverse-engineering competitor fragrances”；“Headspace analysis: Captures the smell of an object and analyzes it to identify aromatic molecules”）

一张摊开的化验单般的长纸上画着两团互相缠绕的气味丝带，本该相加的两条曲线却在交叠处互相抵消、塌陷成一个空洞；纸边放着一只玻璃滴管与一小瓶琥珀色液体，滴管口悬着一滴未落的液珠。

1. Wikipedia “Carvone”（“R-(−)-carvone has been approved by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for use as a mosquito repellent”；“S-(+)-carvone is also used to prevent premature sprouting of potatoes during storage, being marketed in the Netherlands for this purpose under the name Talent”；1849 年 Franz Varrentrapp 首次分离出纯香芹酮）

一张旧式商业目录的版面上，左右两栏各有一个几乎相同的分子球棍模型，中间一枚镜面把画面切成完全对称的两半；左栏上方飘着蚊虫被驱散的淡绿色烟尘，右栏下方伸出几颗萌芽的土豆，一枚小小的化学式镜像符号悬在正中。